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F. LAMPLOUGH. HYDRAULIC PUMP.' APPLICATION FILED APILZB, I9I`9.

1,346,548, Patented July' 13,1920.

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F. LAMPLOUGH.

HYDRAULIC PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED Amm?. 1919.

F. LAMPLOUGH'l HYDRAULIC PUMP. APPLICATION man APR. 28, |919.

1,346,548. Panama July 13, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET; 3.

ff f7 Ing/emr I q1 Y Qmg i posite phase by the UNITED ASTATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK LAMPLOUGH, OF FELTHAM, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR T0 HYDRO-DYNAMICS LIMITED, 0F LONDON, ENGLAND.

HYDRAULIC PUMP.

Application led April 28,

To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that l, FREDERICK LAM- rLoUGH, a subject of the King of England, residing in Feltham, Middlesex, England, have invented certain new and'useful Improvements in Hydraulic Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

T his invention is for improvements in or relating to hydraulic pumps of the rotary type and has for its object to provide a prime mover or pump of this type which shall be more compact than has hitherto been possible and wherein. the operating parts shall be so disposed and balanced that the central shaft is relieved of side thrust. ln these prime movers or pumps the driving shaft, as is known, is rotated by external power, such for example as an electric motor, and the iuid, conveniently oil, is circulated by the pump through a secondary hydraulic engine or motor which it is desired to drive.

A rotary hydraulic pump according to this invention comprises the combination of a driving shaft, a plurality of pump-cylinders mounted at different angular positions thereon with their longitudinal axes in a plane transverse to the axis of the shaft, a pair of opposed pistons in each cylinder, two circular guides surrounding the shaft and adapted to be moved into oppositely eccentric positions relatively thereto and means operatively connecting one piston in each cylinder to one guide and the other piston in each cylinder to the other guide, so that the pistons are reciprocated in opeccentricv guides.

Preferably each cylinder is disposed symmetrically as to its length about a line radial to the driving shaft and with its longitudinal axis at right angles to that line, and its two pistons are coupled respectively by means of connecting rods and swinging levers to two slide blocks mounted one in each circular guide, said slide blocks being situated on diametrically opposite sides of the driving shaft.

Other features of the invention are hereinafter described and the novel details pointed out in the claims appended to this specification. l

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate one embodiment of this invention Figure 1 is a longitudinal view' partly in Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented July 13, 1920.

1919. serial No. 293,371.

section and partly broken away for clearness,

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2, 2 of Fig. l, and

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3, 3 of Fig. l.

Like reference characters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

The hydraulic pump is mounted within a closed casing A from which a central driving shaft A1 projects for connection to the electric'motor or other driving means. This shaft has an enlarged'hollow extension A2 secured on it within the casing, and this enlargement constitutes a central v valve chamber divided into inlet and outlet passages A3 A*L by a xed shaft or partition A5 which enters Ait at the end remote from the shaft A1. rlhese two passages terminate in ports, as shown at A6, to which suitable pipe connections can be made.

A framework A7 secured or formed integralywith thehollow shaft A2 carries three ump-'cylinders A8 spaced 120o apart around the shaft with the longitudinal axes lying in a plane transverse to the axis of the shaft and interspaced with vthe cylinders are bosses in which are secured fulcrum pins A".

Radial passages or ports B are formed in the wall of the shaft A2 to communicate with ports B1 provided in each cylinder at the middle of its length, and the partition A is so dimensioned and shaped that it prevents the establishment of communication between the passages A,3 A1 by the ports B.

The cylinders A8 are open at both ends and have two pistons B2 Ba one at each end reciprocating in opposite phase. The mechanism for operating each piston consistsof swinging levers B4, B5, pivoted on the above-mentioned fulcrum pins A9 (as shown on Figs. 1 and' rlhe levers B5 are omitted in Fig. 2 for the sake of clearness, but their center lines are indicated at B5. The levers are mounted in pairs on each pivot` pin (Fig. l) and eachlever is coupled by a short connecting rod at one end to its corre- Sponding piston. The similarly situated pistons in each of the cylinders, z'. e. those at say the forward end in the direction of rotation, are all coupled to levers on the same ends of the fulcrum pins A9 so that the pistons are divided into two groups actuated by levers on one side or 4other of the plane of the cylinders, and there is a piston of each group in each cylinder.

The free ends of the levers'B4, B5 engage segmental slide-blocks B6 B7 respectivelyprovided for adjusting simultaneously both the cranks so that the frames C3 C5 can be swung about their pivots, and the mecha nism is such that they are swung in opposite directions away from the central position in which the channels B5 B5 are concentric with the shaft A2.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

So long as the frames Ca C4 are in their central position s0 that the channels ,B5 B9 are concentric with the shaft A1 A2 there will be no relative movement between the slide-blocks B6 B7- and the fulcrum pins of the levers B1 B5 and all the parts will run idly without any reciprocating movement being imparted to the pistons. If now the frames be swung (in opposite directions) about the pivot pins C5 by means of the hand-turning the channels (Ily their engagementwith the slideblocks 6 B7) to swing on their fulcrum nins and impart a reciprocatory movement to the pistons. The partition A5 is so dis- S B5 will cause the levers posed that it acts as a valve, opening the cyl inder ports B B1 to the inlet passage when the pistons are moving apart, and to the outlet passage when they are approaching one another, so that the Huid is drawn in and discharged with an ordinary pumping action.

It will be appreciated that the throw of f in opposite phase by the eccentric guides.

the pistons, and the capacity of the generator is determined (apart from the speed of the driving shaft)A by the 'amount of eccentricity of the channels or guides B8 B5 and that this capacity is variable at will from zero up to a maximum. Further, if the eccentricity be reversed, z'. c. if the frames are swung each in the opposite direction from i its initial swing, the reciprocation of the pistons will be reversed or in opposite phase with respect to their angular position about the partition A5 and the pumping action on the iiuid will take place in the opposite direction.'

It is an important feature of the invention that the two pistons in each cylinder are operated through separate rocking levers which arel of such length and so disposed that the corresponding slide-blocks are situated on diametrically opposite sides of the tor but the preferred one is described in a ear C9 the eccentricity of v driving shaft. The operative thrusts for the two pistons in any cylinder are therefore always opposed to one another and excessive side thrust or other unbalanced forces are not received bythe driving shaft.

A pair of non-return valves D may be provided to give communication between Vthev passages A3 AAx and the interior of the casing A, in order that oil may be drawn in from the sump tomake ood the leakage which takes place in the cyglinders and other parts.

Various secondary engines or motors may be used with this primary pump or generaconcurrent patent application Serial No. 293,370,1i1ed April 28, 1919.

When the pump above described is running idle, the cylindrical members C, C1, may rotate in their bearings C2, or the slideblocks B5, B7 may slide in the channels B8 Bs according to which has the less friction, but when the pump is working the friction of the blocks in the channels insures that the members C C1 rotate in their bearings C2. The object of the sliding-blocks is to allow for the slight angular movement and consequent Obliquity of the levers B4 B5 atsome parts of the working stroke.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a rotary hydraulic pump the combination of a driving shaft,'a plurality of engine-cylinders mounted at different angular positions thereon with their. longitudinal axes in a plane transverse to the axis of the shaft, a pair of opposed pistons in each cylinder, two circular guides surrounding the shaft and adapted to be moved into oppositely eccentric positions relatively 105 thereto and means operatively connecting one piston in each cylinder to one guide and the other piston in each cylinder to the other guide, so that the pistons are reciprocated 2. A hydraulic pump according to claiming-clause No. l wherein each pump cylinder is disposed symmetricallyas to its length about a line radial to the driving shaft and with its longitudinal axis at right angles to that line, and its two pistons are coupled respectively by means of connecting rods and swinging levers to two slide-blocks mounted one in each circular guide said slide-blocks being situated on diametrically opposite sides of the driving shaft. 3. In a rotary hydraulic pump, the combination of a driving shaft, a plurality of pump cylinders mounted at different angular positions thereon with their longitudinal axes in a plane transverse to the axis of the shaft, a pair of opposed pistons, in each cylinder, circular yguides surrounding the shaft and adapted to be moved into an eccentric position relatively thereto, and means op' 130 eratively connecting one piston in each cylinder to one of said guides and the other piston in each cylinder to another of said guides, so that the pistons are reciprocated in opposing phase by said guides.

' driving shaft, a circular guide surrounding said shaft, a pump cylinder mounted on said shaft with its longitudinal axis disposed tangentially to the circumference of a circle in a plane ltransverse tothe axis of the shaft, a piston in said cylinder, means connecting said piston to said guide, and means for changing the eccentricity of said guide in opposite directions relative to the shaft for varying the stroke of said piston.

6. In a rotary pump, the combination of a driving shaft, housings surrounding said shaft, circular guides rotatably mounted one in each of said housings, a pump cylinder carried by said shaft, opposed pistons in said cylinder, means connecting 4one piston in the cylinder to one of said guides and the other piston to another of said guides, so that the pistons are reciprocated in opposite phase by said guides, and means forchanging the eccentricity of said housings relative to the shaft in opposite directions for varyinor the stroke of the pistons.

In a rotary pump, the combination of a driving shaft, a guide having a groove surrounding said shaft, a pump cylinder carried by said shaft, a piston in said cylinder,

a block slidable in said groove, and a rocking lever which is fulcrumed on the shaft and which is pivotally connected at one end to said block, and at its other end to said piston. 8. In a rotary pump, the combination of a driving shaft, a cylinder carried thereby, two opposed pistons in said cylinder, two guides each having a groove surrounding said shaft, two blocks slidable one in each of said grooves and located diagrammatically opposite one another, and two rocking levers fulcrumed in said shaft, which levers are pivotally connected at one end each to one of said blocks and at their other' ends each to one of said pistons.

9. I n a rotary pump, the combination of a driving shaft, a cylinder carried thereby, twov opposed pistons in said cylinder, two annular guides each having a groove surrounding the said shaft, two blocks slidable one in each of said grooves andlocated diagrammatically opposite one another, 4and two rocking levers fulcrumed in said'shaft, which levers are pivotally connected at one end, each to one of said blocks and at their other ends, each to oneI of said pistons, and means for changing the eccentricity of said guide relatively to said shaft in opposite directions.

10. In a rotary pump, the combination of a casing, a driving shaft ournaled therein, a pivot fixed to the casing, a circular guide mounted to rock about said pivot in said casing and surrounding the axis of said shaft, a pump cylinder carried by said shaft, a piston in said cylinder, means connecting said piston to said guide, and means for rocking said guide about said pivot.

l1. In a rotary pump, the combination of a casing, a driving shaft journaled therein, and having a hollow portion constituting a valve chamber provided with a port, a pump cylinder carried by said shaft and having a port which communicates with said valve-chamber port, a piston in said cylinder, a guide surrounding the axis of said shaft, means connecting said piston to said casing which divides the valve-chamber into linlet and outlet passages land controls the valve-chamber port.

12. In a rotary pump, the combination of a casing, a driving shaft journaled therein and having a hollow .portion constituting a valve-chamber provided with a port, guides movably mounted in said casing and surrounding the axis of said shaft, a pump cylinder carried by said shaft, and having a port which communicates with said former port, opposed pistons in said cyl/1nder, means connecting one piston in the cylinder to one of said guides and the other pilston to another of said guides so that the plstons are reciprocated in opposite phase by said guides, means for changing the eccentricity of said guides relatively to the shaft in opposite `directions for varying the stroke of the pistons, and a valve which is carried by said 'casing which divides the valvechamber into inlet -and outlet passages and controls the valve-chamber port.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

FREDERICK LAMPLOUGH. 

